Ryugakubo Water (Niigata Prefecture) Complete Guide | Charm, Access, and Water Drawing Information of the Hyakusen Meisui Spring
Ryugakubo (龍ヶ窪) water, located in Tsunan Town, Nakauonuma District, Niigata Prefecture, is one of Japan’s representative spring water sites, selected as one of the Ministry of the Environment’s “Hyakusen Meisui” (One Hundred Select Waters). The mystical pond, abundant spring water volume, and the dragon legend passed down through the ages continue to fascinate visitors. This article provides detailed information about Ryugakubo water, from its characteristics and history to actual visiting methods and precautions for drawing water.
What is Ryugakubo Water? Reasons for Selection as One of the Hyakusen Meisui
Ryugakubo water is a spring water pond in Tsunan Town, in the southern part of Niigata Prefecture near the border with Nagano Prefecture. It was designated as one of the “Hyakusen Meisui” by the Ministry of the Environment (then the Environment Agency) in 1985 (Showa 60).
Basic Information about Ryugakubo
Ryugakubo is a pond with a circumference of approximately 750 meters and an area of approximately 1.2 hectares, located at an elevation of approximately 353 meters. The pond’s greatest feature is that approximately 43,000 tons of water (43 thousand tons) springs forth daily—an astounding spring water volume. This boasts one of the highest spring water volumes in Japan.
The pond has a maximum depth of approximately 12 meters, and the springs have extremely high transparency, allowing visibility to the pond bottom. The water temperature remains almost constant at approximately 12 degrees Celsius year-round, feeling cold in summer and relatively warm in winter.
Reasons for Hyakusen Meisui Selection
Ryugakubo water was selected for the Hyakusen Meisui for the following reasons:
- Abundant spring water volume: Stable spring water exceeding 40,000 tons daily
- Excellent water quality: Clear, cold water suitable for drinking
- Preservation of surrounding environment: Natural environment surrounded by beech forest
- Connection with the community: Traditionally used as domestic water by local residents
- Cultural value: Deeply connected to regional beliefs and culture, including dragon deity legends
The Dragon Deity Legend of Ryugakubo
Interesting legends remain about the origin of the name Ryugakubo.
The Story of the Dragon Deity and Villagers
Long ago, a severe drought struck this region, and villagers suffered from water shortages. One day, a village maiden encountered a dragon deity at the pond’s edge. According to the legend, the dragon deity granted the maiden’s wish and caused abundant water to spring forth.
In another tradition, it is said that when the dragon deity inhabiting this pond rages, the pond water becomes muddy, and when the dragon deity calms, the water becomes clear. Due to such legends, local people have cherished Ryugakubo as a sacred place.
Why the Pond Never Dries Up
Interestingly, it is said that Ryugakubo pond has never dried up regardless of drought conditions. This is not merely legend but is actually supported by abundant underground water veins. The beech forest surrounding the area serves as a natural dam, storing rainwater and snowmelt, which slowly seeps underground to spring forth as groundwater.
Water Quality and Composition of Ryugakubo Water
Water Quality Characteristics
Ryugakubo water is classified as soft water, extremely easy to drink. It contains appropriately balanced minerals and is characterized by a mellow taste.
Water quality tests have confirmed the following characteristics:
- pH value: Weakly alkaline to neutral (approximately 7.0~7.5)
- Hardness: Soft water (approximately 30~50 mg/L)
- Water temperature: Approximately 12 degrees Celsius year-round
- Transparency: Extremely high
Spring Water Mechanism
The abundant spring water of Ryugakubo is created by the beech forest of the Naeba Mountain system that spreads in the surrounding area. Rainwater and snowmelt infiltrate the rich soil of the beech forest and pass through underground permeable layers, being filtered over many years. This natural filtration system produces clear and delicious water.
According to expert surveys, the water springing forth at Ryugakubo is believed to have moved through the underground for several years to several decades from the time of rainfall. This long passage of time creates stable water quality and excellent taste.
Natural Environment and Ecosystem Around Ryugakubo
Beech Forest and Vegetation
Luxuriant primordial beech forest spreads around Ryugakubo. Beech forests are also called “green dams” and have the ability to store large amounts of water. This beech forest is precisely what supports the abundant spring water of Ryugakubo.
A walking trail approximately 750 meters long encircles the pond, and visitors can enjoy a forest bath while strolling. The trail consists of wooden decking and dirt paths. Walking the entire course slowly takes approximately 20 to 30 minutes, and benches for rest are installed along the way.
Living Organisms
Various aquatic organisms inhabit the clear water of Ryugakubo.
- Fish: Stream fish such as char and masu trout
- Amphibians: Salamanders and frogs
- Aquatic insects: Dragonfly nymphs (yago) and mayflies
- Birds: Water birds such as kingfishers and crested kingfishers
Because the pond water is extremely transparent, it is sometimes possible to observe fish swimming in the water. However, note that fishing is prohibited at this pond for ecosystem protection.
Access Methods to Ryugakubo
Location
- Address: Taniyuchi, Tsunan Town, Nakauonuma District, Niigata Prefecture
- Management: Tsunan Town
Access by Car
Car access is the most convenient way to reach Ryugakubo.
From the Kan-etsu Expressway
- Approximately 60 minutes from Shiozawa-Ishiuchi IC via National Route 353 and National Route 117
- Approximately 70 minutes from Mutsumachi IC via National Route 253 and National Route 117
From the Joshin-etsu Expressway
- Approximately 40 minutes from Toyoda-Iiyama IC via National Route 117
A free parking lot is established near the Ryugakubo entrance, accommodating approximately 30 regular vehicles. However, it may become congested during peak tourist seasons such as autumn foliage season.
Access by Public Transportation
Access by public transportation is somewhat inconvenient.
- Alight at “Tsunan Station” on the JR Iiyama Line
- Approximately 15 minutes by taxi from Tsunan Station (approximately 8 km)
Alternatively, you may use the Tsunan Town municipal bus (demand bus), but since service is limited, it is recommended to contact Tsunan Town Hall in advance.
On Foot (From Parking Lot to Pond)
From the parking lot to Ryugakubo pond, the established walking trail is approximately 5 minutes on foot. The path is relatively flat and easy to walk for children and elderly people. However, on rainy days or during snowmelt season, the ground may be slippery, so it is recommended to wear appropriate footwear.
Water Drawing at Ryugakubo | Methods and Precautions for Taking Water Home
Water Drawing Station Equipment
Ryugakubo has a dedicated water drawing station installed so visitors can draw water. At this station, spring water can be freely taken home.
The station has the following equipment:
- Multiple faucets
- Water collection tray
- Information signage in the surrounding area
Precautions When Drawing Water
When drawing water at Ryugakubo, please observe the following points.
1. Container Preparation
- Bring clean plastic bottles or polyethylene containers
- Pre-wash containers beforehand
- When drawing large quantities, divide into multiple containers for easier transport
2. Hygiene Management
- Do not soil the area surrounding the water drawing station
- Close faucets firmly after use
- If washing containers, do so in a location other than the water drawing station
3. Manners and Rules
- Show courtesy and take turns during congested times
- Avoid occupying the station for extended periods
- Always take trash with you
- Do not enter the pond or draw water directly from the pond
4. Water Quality
- Spring water is natural, so drinking is at your own responsibility
- If concerned, boiling before consumption is recommended
- It is not suitable for long-term storage, so use it up promptly
Water Storage Methods After Taking Home
After taking Ryugakubo water home, it is recommended to store it as follows:
- Storage in a cool, dark place: Avoid direct sunlight and store in a cool location
- Refrigeration: If possible, store in a refrigerator and use within 3 to 5 days
- Boiling: Boiling before drinking provides peace of mind
- Container cleanliness: Use clean containers for storage
Attractions and Enjoyment at Ryugakubo
Pond Walking Trail
A walking trail approximately 750 meters long is established around Ryugakubo pond. By walking this trail in a complete circle, visitors can view the pond from various angles, each showing different characteristics.
The trail consists of wooden decking and dirt paths. Slow walking through the forest allows approximately 20 to 30 minutes for the course. Benches for rest are also installed along the way.
Seasonal Scenery
Ryugakubo reveals different beauty with each season.
Spring (April–May)
- Clear water from snowmelt
- Budding new green leaves
- Bird songs
Summer (June–August)
- Scenery enveloped in deep green
- Water surface with high transparency
- Comfortable coolness as a summer resort
Autumn (September–November)
- Red foliage in the beech forest
- Fallen leaves floating on the water surface
- Clear air and stillness
Winter (December–March)
- Fantastic snow-covered landscape
- Contrast between water surface and snow
- Serene winter atmosphere
Particularly during autumn foliage season (mid-October to early November), many tourists visit this popular time.
Photography Tips
Ryugakubo is also popular among photography enthusiasts.
Recommended Photography Spots
- North side of the pond: Popular viewpoint overlooking the entire pond
- Wooden decking: Close to the water surface for photography
- East side of the pond: Beautiful with morning sunlight
- From within the forest: Photographing the pond through the beech trees
Best Photography Times
- Early morning: Mystical landscape with morning mist
- Morning: Sunlight illuminating the water surface emphasizes transparency
- Evening: Soft light enveloping the forest
Tourist Spots Around Ryugakubo
When visiting Ryugakubo, it is recommended to also visit nearby tourist attractions.
Highlights of Tsunan Town
Akiyama-go
- Approximately 40 minutes by car from Ryugakubo
- Beautiful mountainous village area called a hidden region
- Noted location for autumn foliage
River Terrace (Kasego Dankyū)
- Characteristic topography of Tsunan Town
- Magnificent landscape created by the Shinano River
- Visible from observation platform
New Greenpia Tsunan
- Comprehensive resort with accommodation and leisure facilities
- Hot springs, pools, ski slope, etc.
Nearby Famous Water Spots
Besides Ryugakubo, there are other famous water spots in Niigata Prefecture.
Oodeguchi Sensui (Oodeguchi Spring Water)
- Another spring water location within Tsunan Town
- Approximately 10 minutes by car from Ryugakubo
Myoko Mountain System Spring Water Group
- Spring water scattered around Myoko City
- Approximately 1.5 hours by car from Ryugakubo
Recommended Attire and Items When Visiting Ryugakubo
Recommended Clothing
Spring and Autumn
- Long-sleeve shirt, light jacket
- Long trousers
- Comfortable athletic shoes or trekking shoes
- Hat
Summer
- Breathable clothing
- Sun hat
- Insect repellent measures (long sleeves and trousers preferable)
- Comfortable shoes
Winter
- Warm clothing (down jacket, etc.)
- Gloves, scarf, hat
- Waterproof shoes (snow boots, etc.)
- Non-slip measures
Convenient Items to Bring
- Water drawing containers: Plastic bottles or polyethylene tanks
- Towel: For water drawing and wiping sweat
- Camera: For photographing beautiful scenery
- Insect repellent spray: Particularly in summer
- Drinking water: For hydration during the walk
- Leisure sheet: Convenient for resting
- Binoculars: For bird watching
- Garbage bag: Always take your trash with you
Precautions and Manners When Visiting Ryugakubo
Rules for Natural Conservation
Ryugakubo is a place where precious natural environment is preserved. Follow these rules:
- Always take trash with you: No garbage cans available
- Do not collect plants: Collection of wild vegetables and plants is prohibited
- Do not capture creatures: Fishing and collection of fish or insects is prohibited
- Do not enter the pond: Restricted for water quality preservation
- Walk on designated trails: Avoid going off the walking paths
- No open flames: Campfires and barbecues are prohibited
- Pet accompaniment: Keep on a leash and always take your pet’s waste with you
Safety Precautions
- Check weather: Avoid visiting during bad weather
- Winter visits: Check road conditions for accumulated snow. Equip with winter tires or chains
- Avoid solo travel: Visiting with multiple people is safer
- Bear countermeasures: The surrounding area is a bear habitat. Take measures such as bear bells
- Mobile phone: Note that signal reception is weak in some areas
Regional Initiatives Using Ryugakubo Water
Utilization for Community Revitalization
Tsunan Town utilizes Ryugakubo water for community revitalization.
As a Tourism Resource
- Branding as one of the Hyakusen Meisui
- Promoting ecotourism
- Implementing nature experience programs
Utilization in Local Products
- Used as brewing water for local sake
- Processing foods such as tofu
- Irrigation water for crops
Environmental Conservation Activities
Local residents and Tsunan Town conduct various activities to protect Ryugakubo’s environment.
- Regular cleaning activities: Cleanup by residents
- Water quality surveys: Periodic water quality monitoring
- Forest conservation: Beech forest protection activities
- Environmental education: Environmental learning programs for elementary and junior high students
Visitors too should cooperate with environmental conservation to preserve this beautiful nature for future generations.
Frequently Asked Questions About Ryugakubo
Can I drink Ryugakubo water?
Water drawn from Ryugakubo’s water drawing station is consumed by many people. However, as it is natural spring water, officially drinking is considered “at your own responsibility.” Those concerned may boil it before consumption. Water quality is regularly tested and generally maintained in good condition.
Can I visit Ryugakubo in winter?
Visiting is possible in winter, but snow accumulation requires caution. Roads are cleared of snow, but winter tires or chain equipment are essential. The walking trail will be covered in snow, so appropriate equipment (snow shoes, etc.) is necessary for trails. Winter Ryugakubo is enveloped in silence with unique beauty, but safety must be carefully considered.
Is fishing possible at Ryugakubo?
Fishing at Ryugakubo is prohibited. Although fish inhabit the pond, fishing and catching fish are completely restricted for ecosystem protection. This rule is strictly enforced, and violators may face penalties.
Is the parking lot charged?
The Ryugakubo parking lot is free. Approximately 30 parking spaces for regular vehicles are available. However, during peak seasons such as autumn foliage, the lot may fill. Early visit is recommended.
Can I bring pets?
Pets may be brought, but must be kept on a leash at all times, and their waste must be taken with you. Also, do not allow them to approach the pond or go off the walking paths. Consider other visitors too.
Are there shops or toilets at Ryugakubo?
Toilet facilities are installed near the parking lot at Ryugakubo. However, there are no shops or vending machines, so it is recommended to prepare food and beverages beforehand. The nearest convenience stores are located in central Tsunan Town.
What is the best time to visit?
Ryugakubo is beautiful year-round, but particularly recommended times are as follows:
- Late May–June: Beautiful new green, comfortable weather
- Mid-October–Early November: Peak foliage season and most popular time
- July–August: Cool and comfortable as a summer resort (but insect prevention necessary)
Conversely, the snowmelt period from March to April can be muddy, requiring caution.
Conclusion: Experience the Charm of Ryugakubo Water
The Ryugakubo water in Tsunan Town, Niigata Prefecture, is a representative spring water site of Japan, worthy of selection as one of the Hyakusen Meisui. The abundant spring water volume exceeding 40,000 tons daily, the beautiful transparent water, and the natural landscape woven by the surrounding beech forest offer profound emotion to visitors.
This mystical pond, where dragon deity legends are passed down, is not merely a tourist destination but a precious natural resource deeply connected to local people’s lives. When visiting to draw water, it is important to follow environmental conservation rules and manners, maintaining awareness to preserve this beautiful nature for future generations.
Ryugakubo, where visitors can find healing in clear water and abundant nature, away from urban noise. Please experience its charm firsthand. Ryugakubo, showing different faces with the seasons, is a special place with new discoveries each visit.
When visiting Niigata Prefecture, why not add Ryugakubo water to your itinerary? A wonderful experience awaits—drawing delicious water, enjoying beautiful nature, and refreshing both body and mind.
