Complete Guide to Shirakawa Water Source | Information to Know Before Visiting Kumamoto’s Hundred Select Waters
Shirakawa Water Source (Shirakawa Suigen), located in Minami-Aso Village, Aso District, Kumamoto Prefecture, is one of the “Hundred Select Waters of Japan” designated by the Ministry of the Environment and is a representative spring water spot in Kyushu. With an abundant 60 tons of water flowing out every minute, it has become a popular tourist destination visited throughout the year due to its high transparency and mystical beauty.
This article comprehensively covers information you should know before visiting the site, from the charm of Shirakawa Water Source to specific access methods, surrounding tourist spots, and precautions during your visit.
What is Shirakawa Water Source? Basic Information About Kumamoto’s Renowned Water
Overview of Shirakawa Water Source
Shirakawa Water Source is one of the water sources of the “Shirakawa,” a first-class river flowing through Kumamoto Prefecture. It is a place where underground water from Mount Aso springs forth, maintaining a constant water temperature of approximately 14 degrees Celsius year-round. This stable water temperature indicates that the spring water is emerging from deep underground and is also evidence of its high water quality.
The spring pond has a surface area of approximately 1,000 square meters, and you can directly observe water welling up while stirring up sand from the pond bottom. With exceptionally high water transparency, the sight of being able to clearly see the pond bottom captivates all who visit.
Reasons for Selection as One of Japan’s Hundred Select Waters
In 1985 (Showa 60), it was designated as one of the “Hundred Select Waters of Japan” by the Environment Agency (now the Ministry of the Environment). The reasons for selection are as follows:
- Excellent water quality: Soft water with excellent mineral balance, suitable for drinking
- Abundant water volume: A stable outflow of approximately 60 tons per minute (approximately 86,000 tons per day)
- Beautiful scenery: High transparency and scenery harmonizing with the surrounding natural environment
- Connection to the region: A history of being used as domestic water for local residents since ancient times and carefully preserved
Water Quality Characteristics of Shirakawa Water Source
The water from Shirakawa Water Source is natural water that has permeated through the volcanic ash soil of Aso over many years. Main characteristics include:
- pH value: Approximately 7.0 (neutral)
- Hardness: Approximately 80 mg/L (soft water)
- Water temperature: Approximately 14 degrees Celsius year-round
- Mineral content: Contains calcium, magnesium, silicic acid, and other minerals in good balance
This water quality makes it suitable not only as drinking water but also for brewing tea and coffee.
History and Cultural Background of Shirakawa Water Source
Relationship Between Yoshimi Shrine and the Water Source
Shirakawa Water Source is located within the grounds of Yoshimi Shrine (Yoshimi Jinja). This shrine has been revered by local people since ancient times as a shrine dedicated to the deity of water.
While the founding year of Yoshimi Shrine is unclear, it is said to have a history of at least several hundred years. The shrine and water source are considered as one, and the water source itself has a history of being revered as a sacred deity.
The Water Source Supporting Local Life
The water from Shirakawa Water Source has been used for domestic purposes by the people of Minami-Aso Village since ancient times. It has been an indispensable part of local society, serving as drinking water, irrigation water, and domestic water.
Even today, local residents regularly visit to draw water, and it continues to function as a practical water source, not just as a tourist destination.
Reconstruction After the Kumamoto Earthquake
The Kumamoto Earthquake that occurred in April 2016 caused significant damage to areas surrounding Shirakawa Water Source. However, miraculously, the water source itself was not greatly affected and continued to spring forth clear water immediately after the earthquake.
This fact became a great source of hope for local people and took on meaning as a symbol of recovery. Today, it has completely recovered as a tourist spot visited by many tourists, as before the disaster.
Highlights and Ways to Enjoy Shirakawa Water Source
Mystical Scenery of the Spring Pond
The greatest highlight of Shirakawa Water Source is undoubtedly the spring pond itself. The sight of water welling up while stirring up sand from the pond bottom is truly a natural mystery. With exceptionally high transparency, you can clearly see the pond bottom even in deeper areas.
Especially on clear days, sunlight reflects off the water surface, and you can enjoy the beautiful sight created by the glittering water surface and transparent water beneath.
Water Drawing Experience
Visitors to Shirakawa Water Source are free to draw water. Many people bring plastic bottles or water containers to take this renowned water home with them.
Water Drawing Tips:
- The water drawing area is well-maintained and can accommodate multiple people simultaneously
- Visitors must bring their own containers for taking water home
- Since local residents also use the facility, approach it with a spirit of consideration
- If drinking the water, it is recommended to boil it as a precaution
Scenery by Season
Shirakawa Water Source displays a different character in each season.
Spring (March–May)
Fresh greenery is beautiful, and cherry blossoms and rapeseed flowers around the water source add color. Plants around the source begin to sprout, and you can enjoy scenery full of vitality.
Summer (June–August)
Greenery becomes deep, and the pleasant sound of water is soothing. Since the water temperature is a low 14 degrees Celsius, you can feel coolness even in summer, making it popular as a summer retreat spot.
Autumn (September–November)
Trees around the area begin to change color, and the contrast between autumn foliage and clear streams is beautiful. The crisp air makes the water’s transparency stand out even more.
Winter (December–February)
Even in winter, the water temperature is 14 degrees Celsius, so you may see steam rising, creating a fantastical scene. On snowy days, the combination of a silver-white world and clear streams is spectacular.
Photography Spots
Shirakawa Water Source is also popular as a photography spot. Recommended shooting locations:
- Front of the spring pond: A classic spot where you can capture water welling up from the front
- Along the hiking trail beside the stream: Beautiful contrast between flowing water and greenery
- Yoshimi Shrine torii gate and water source: A composition where shrine and nature harmonize
- Reflection on the water surface: On clear days, surrounding scenery reflects on the water surface, creating fantastical photographs
Access to Shirakawa Water Source
Location
Address: 〒869-1502 Shirakawa, Minami-Aso Village, Aso District, Kumamoto Prefecture
Access by Car
From Kumamoto City
- Travel time: Approximately 1 to 1 hour 15 minutes
- Route: National Route 57 toward Aso → Minami-Aso Village
- Distance: Approximately 50 km
From Aso City
- Travel time: Approximately 30 minutes
- Route: Via Prefectural Route 28 (Aso Panorama Line)
From Kumamoto Airport
- Travel time: Approximately 50 minutes
- Route: Prefectural Route 339 → National Route 57
Car Navigation Tips
Searching for “Shirakawa Water Source” or “Yoshimi Shrine” will bring up the location. If searching by phone number, it’s helpful to use Minami-Aso Village Office (0967-67-1111) as a landmark.
Access by Public Transportation
Train + Bus
- Get off at “Tatsuno Station” on the JR Toyohoku Main Line
- Transfer to the Minami-Aso Railway and get off at “Aso-Shirakawa Station”
- Approximately 15-minute walk
※Some sections may be suspended due to the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake. Please confirm the latest operating status.
Bus
Buses operate from Kumamoto Station and Kumamoto Airport toward the Minami-Aso Village area. However, since the number of buses is limited, it is recommended to check the schedule in advance.
Parking Information
Shirakawa Water Source has a dedicated parking lot.
- Parking spaces: Approximately 20 regular cars
- Parking fee: Environmental preservation cooperation fee of 100 yen (voluntary)
- Large buses: Dedicated space available (advance notice required)
The lot may become crowded during peak tourist seasons and on weekends, so visiting early in the morning is recommended.
Operating Hours, Fees, and Facility Information
Operating Hours
- Visiting hours: Daytime as desired (not open 24 hours)
- Recommended visiting time: 8:00 AM–5:00 PM
- Water drawing: Available during the above hours
Fees
- Environmental preservation cooperation fee: High school students and older 100 yen (voluntary but cooperation appreciated)
- Middle school students and younger: Free
- Water drawing: Free (bring your own container)
The environmental preservation cooperation fee is used for water source conservation activities and maintenance of the surrounding environment.
Facilities and Equipment
- Restrooms: Public restrooms near the parking lot
- Water drawing area: Well-maintained water drawing space
- Hiking trail: Maintained walking path around the water source
- Rest area: Simple rest space
- Shops: Souvenir and food shops nearby
Barrier-Free Information
The path to the water source has some stairs and steps, so wheelchair access requires assistance in some places. However, there are relatively flat paths from the parking lot to the water drawing area. If concerned, it is recommended to contact the Minami-Aso Village Tourism Association in advance.
Tourist Spots Around Shirakawa Water Source
Visiting tourist spots in the surrounding area when you visit Shirakawa Water Source will make your trip more fulfilling.
Aso Shrine
Located approximately 20 minutes by car from Shirakawa Water Source, this ancient shrine has a history of over 2,000 years. While buildings like the roumon (gate) collapsed in the Kumamoto Earthquake, restoration work is progressing. As the chief shrine of Aso, it is also popular as a power spot.
Takamori Spring Tunnel Park
Approximately 15 minutes by car from Shirakawa Water Source. An unusual spot where spring water flows inside a 2,055-meter-long tunnel. Cool in summer and warm in winter, this unique space hosts illumination events at Tanabata and Christmas.
Kusasenri-ga-hama
A vast grassland on the slopes of Mount Aso. Approximately 40 minutes by car from Shirakawa Water Source. You can enjoy a pastoral landscape with horses grazing lazily against the backdrop of the majestic Aso Five Peaks.
Minami-Aso Railway
A local railway journey experience. Trolley trains are also operated, allowing you to enjoy the natural beauty of Aso from the train windows.
Aso Farm Land
A theme park with a health focus. This comprehensive resort facility features accommodations, hot springs, restaurants, attractions, and more, providing fun for families as well.
Michi-no-Eki Aso
A roadside station where Aso specialty products and souvenirs are available. Fresh local vegetables, processed products, and soft ice cream made with Aso milk are popular.
Dining Information Around Shirakawa Water Source
Suigen-no-Mori
A dining establishment right next to Shirakawa Water Source. Popular for tofu made with water from Shirakawa Water Source and set meals using local ingredients. “Water source tofu” in particular is a delicacy made with Shirakawa Water Source water.
Soba-dokoro Yoshida
A renowned restaurant offering hand-made soba noodles made with water from Shirakawa Water Source. Characterized by chewy noodles and clear broth, it attracts fans from far away.
Cafés and Restaurants
Various cafés and restaurants are scattered throughout the area, where you can dine while enjoying views of the Aso natural landscape. You can enjoy lunches using local vegetables and dishes featuring Aso red beef.
Souvenirs
- Natural water from Shirakawa Water Source: Also sold in bottled form
- Water source tofu: Tofu made with Shirakawa Water Source water
- Aso takana: A specialty product of the Aso region
- Aso milk and dairy products: Cheese, yogurt, and more
- Kumamon merchandise: Items related to Kumamoto Prefecture’s mascot character
Precautions and Etiquette for Your Visit
Cooperation in Environmental Conservation
Shirakawa Water Source is a precious natural resource that local people have protected for many years. Please note the following when visiting:
- Always take litter with you: There are no trash bins around the water source
- Do not contaminate the water source: Do not put hands or objects in the water source or wash things
- Respect plants: Do not pick or trample the surrounding vegetation
- Cooperation with fees: Environmental preservation cooperation fees are used for water source maintenance
Safety Precautions
- Mind your footing: The area near water is slippery and requires caution
- Keep an eye on children: Special attention is needed when with small children
- Appropriate clothing: Comfortable walking shoes are recommended
- Check weather: The ground becomes particularly slippery in rainy conditions
Photography Etiquette
- Consideration for other visitors: Do not monopolize spaces for extended photography sessions
- Tripod use: Avoid during crowded times
- Drone photography: Generally prohibited within shrine grounds
- Commercial photography: Prior permission required
Water Drawing Etiquette
- Take turns: Show a spirit of mutual consideration during busy times
- Avoid monopolizing the space: If drawing large amounts, do not make others wait
- Use clean containers: Do not draw with dirty containers
- Do not contaminate the water source: Do not soak containers in the water source
Recommended Visiting Season by Season
Spring (March–May)
Recommendation Level: ★★★★★
Fresh greenery is beautiful, and the mild climate makes it the most accessible season. The cherry blossom season (late March to early April) offers particularly beautiful scenery. Golden Week is crowded, so weekday visits are recommended.
Summer (June–August)
Recommendation Level: ★★★★☆
Even in the hot season, the 14-degree spring water is refreshing, like nature’s air conditioning. It’s ideal as a summer retreat. However, the summer vacation period is crowded. Early morning visits are recommended.
Autumn (September–November)
Recommendation Level: ★★★★★
The autumn foliage season (late October to mid-November) offers especially beautiful scenery. The crisp air makes the water’s transparency stand out even more. The weather is stable, making this the ideal season for tourism.
Winter (December–February)
Recommendation Level: ★★★☆☆
Fewer visitors and a chance to enjoy the water source in peace. A hidden gem season. Fantastical scenery can be seen on snowy days. However, be careful when driving as roads may freeze.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can you drink the water from Shirakawa Water Source?
Yes, it is drinkable. However, since it is untreated water, those concerned may wish to boil it before drinking. Many people take it home as drinking water.
Can I bring pets?
Since it is shrine grounds, pets require careful consideration. If you bring a pet, keep the leash short and be careful not to disturb other visitors or contaminate the water source.
Can I enjoy it on rainy days?
You can view the water source itself on rainy days, but be careful as the ground becomes slippery. You can also enjoy the serene atmosphere unique to rainy days.
How long should I plan to spend?
Plan approximately 30 minutes for viewing the water source alone, and approximately 1 hour if including water drawing and surrounding walks. If you want to spend more time leisurely, allow 1.5 to 2 hours.
When is it crowded?
Golden Week, Obon holidays, Silver Week, and autumn foliage weekends are particularly crowded. Weekday or early morning visits are recommended.
Conclusion: Experience the Nature of Aso at Shirakawa Water Source
Shirakawa Water Source is a natural treasure that Kumamoto Prefecture boasts. The sight of 60 tons of clear water welling up every minute is truly a natural mystery itself. Its high water quality, designated as one of Japan’s Hundred Select Waters, and beautiful, transparent scenery provide visitors with deep emotion.
At Shirakawa Water Source, where you can witness the moment underground water, which has journeyed through the earth for many years, rises to the surface amid the grand natural landscape of Aso. It is a precious spot where you can escape the hustle and bustle of the city and feel the power and beauty of nature.
When visiting Kumamoto, be sure to visit Shirakawa Water Source. Gazing at the clear flowing water, tasting it, and experiencing the energy of Aso’s great nature with your whole being will surely become an unforgettable memory.
We have a responsibility to carefully preserve this precious natural resource that local people have protected and pass it on to the next generation. Cooperate with environmental preservation while fully enjoying the charm of Shirakawa Water Source.
